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محیط زیست و منابع طبیعی::
زمان بازداری
1.2.3.6 Solids and Hydraulic Retention Times ............... 10
vi Contents 2.6 Process Design and Operational Control ........................................33 2.6.1 Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) ........................................33 2.6.2 Solids Retention Time (SRT).................................................34 2.6.3 Hydraulic Loading Rate (HLR)............................................34 2.6.4 Organic Loading Rate (OLR)................................................35 2.6.5 Food/Microorganism Ratio .................................................35 2.6.6 Specifc Biogas Yield..............................................................36 2.6.7 Specifc Biogas Production Rate (BPR)................................36 2.6.8 Treatment Effciency.............................................................. 37 2.6.9 Temperature............................................................................ 37 2.7 Performance and Process Monitoring Indicators........................... 37 2.8 Foaming and Control .........................................................................39 3.
Anaerobic Digestion (AD) of Organic Solid Residues and Biosolids....................................................................................................... 41 3.1 Applications, Benefts, and Challenges............................................ 41 3.2 Mono- and Co-Digestion....................................................................42 3.3 Process Variations ...............................................................................43 3.3.1 Standard Rate Digestion .......................................................43 3.3.2 High-Rate Digestion ..............................................................43 3.3.3 Low-Solids Digestion ............................................................44 3.3.4 High-Solids (or "Dry") Digestion........................................45 3.3.5 Combined Anaerobic-Aerobic System ...............................47 3.4 Process Design, Performance, and Operational Control...............47 3.4.1 Feedstock C/N Ratio .............................................................47 3.4.2 Retention Time (RT)...............................................................47 3.4.3 Solids Loading Rate (SLR) ....................................................49 3.5 Biogas Production and Operational Criteria...................................50 3.6 Modes of Operation ............................................................................ 52 3.6.1 Batch Operation...................................................................... 52 3.6.2 Semi-Continuous Operation ................................................53 3.6.3 Continuous Operation...........................................................53 4.
HRT Hydraulic retention time
RT Retention time (or same as Hydraulic retention time)
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